母语者英语学习方法

发音
Rachel’s English（美式发音）
BBC Learning English（英式发音）

系统课程

"Tricky English Pronunciation" (加州大学欧文分校): 这类课程会系统地讲解英语发音的难点、重音和语调，其中就包含了 Phonics 的高级应用
"Pronunciation of American English" (加州大学欧文分校): 同上，非常系统，适合希望“一口气学完”的学习者

词根词缀
《Word Power Made Easy》 by Norman Lewis 书籍

为什么推荐： 这不是一本词汇书，这是一本“关于如何学习词汇的练习册”。它从最常见的拉丁语和希腊语词根开始，通过练习题让你主动“推导”和“构建”词汇。这几十年来一直是该领域的“圣经”。

网站
Etymonline (etymonline.com)
Vocabulary.com

Words

stand a chance 抵挡诱惑
barely 几乎不
turn out
alien 陌生的
you bet 你说的没错
comparison 比较

compost

Decaying plant material that is added to soil to improve its quality.
Decaying material of plants, unwanted food, etc., added to dirt to improve the growth of new plants.

Recyclable material is sold to wholesalers and organic material is composted and the sold in the market.

comma

the symbol , used in writing to separate parts of a sentence showing a slight pause, or to separate the single things in a list

colon

the symbol :

parenthesis

A remark that is added to a sentence, often to provide an explanation or extra information, that is separated from the main part of the sentence by commas, brackets, or dashes
the symbols ( )that are put around a word, phrase, or sentence in a piece of writing to show that what is inside them should be considered as separate from the main part

notation

A system of notation is a set of written symbols that are used to represent something such as music or mathematics
A system of signs or symbols used to represent information, especially in mathematics, science and music

anatomy

the scientific study of the physical structure of humans, animals or plants
the physical structure of a human, animal or plant
an examination of what something is like or why it happens

operand

the number on which an operation is to be done

miscellaneous

/ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

consisting of many different kinds of things that are not connected and do not easily form a group

She gave me some money to cover any miscellaneous expenses.
The museum houses a miscellaneous collection of iron age artefacts.

SYNONYM: diverse, various

quotient

/ˈkwəʊʃnt/

a number which is the result when one number is divided by another

decipher

/dɪˈsaɪfər/

decipher something to convert something written in code into normal language
decipher something to succeed in finding the meaning of something that is difficult to read or understand

Can anyone decipher his handwriting?
She quickly deciphered the whole message.

nifty

/ˈnɪfti/

accurate and showing skill
practical; working well

There’s some nifty guitar work on his latest album.
a nifty little gadget for slicing cucumbers.

complementary

/ˌkɑːmplɪˈmentri/

complementary (to something) two people or things that are complementary are different but together form a useful or attractive combination of skills, qualities or physical features
mutually supplying each other’s lack

the complementary relationship that binds the two.

recursive

/rɪˈkɜːrsɪv/

involving a process that is applied repeatedly

property

/ˈprɑːpərti/

[uncountable] a thing or things that are owned by somebody; a possession or possessions
[uncountable] land and buildings
[countable] (formal) a building or buildings and the surrounding land
[countable, usually plural] (formal) a quality or characteristic that something has

This building is government property.
The price of property has risen enormously.
There are a lot of empty properties in the area.
a plant with medicinal properties

monotonous

/məˈnɑːtənəs/

never changing and therefore boring
tediously uniform or unvarying
uttered or sounded in one unvarying tone, marked by a sameness of pitch and intensity

a monotonous job
a monotonous voice

placeholder

a symbol or piece of text that temporarily replaces something that is missing.
an item that is necessary in a sentence, but does not have real meaning, for example, the word ‘it’ in ‘it’s a shame she left’.

indent

/ɪnˈdent/

indent something to start a line of print or block of text further away from the edge of the page than the other lines

- The first line of each paragraph should be indented.

indentation

/ˌɪndenˈteɪʃn/

a space left at the beginning of a line of print or writing

curl

/kɜːrl/

to form or make something form into a curved shape
to move while forming into a twisted or curved shape
curl (something) to form or make something form into a curl or curls

The cat curled into a ball and went to sleep.
The smoke curled steadily upwards.
His hair curls naturally.

curly

/ˈkɜːrli/

having a lot of curls or a curved shape

long curly hair

curly bracket

the symbol {}

democrat

/ˈdeməkræt/

a person who believes in or supports democracy
Democrat (abbreviation D, Dem): a member or supporter of the Democratic Party of the US

synonym

/ˈsɪnənɪm/

a word or expression that has the same or nearly meaning as another in the same language

‘Big’ and ‘Large’ are synonyms

impasse

/ˈɪmpæs/

a difficult situation in which no progress can be made because the people involved cannot agree what to do
a predicament affording no obvious escape

to break/end the impasse
Negotiations are at an impasse

SYNONYM: deadlock

predicament

/prɪˈdɪkəmənt/

a difficult or an unpleasant situation, especially one where it is difficult to know what to do
a difficult, perplexing or trying situation

the club’s financial predicament
I don’t know how we’re going to get out of this predicament

afford

/əˈfɔrd/

to have money or time to be able to buy or to do something
if you say that you can’t afford to do something, you mean that you should not to do it because it will cause problems for you if you do
to provide someone with something

Can we afford a new car?
None of them could afford $50 for a ticket
We can’t afford to ignore this warning
We cannot afford any more delays
The legislation aims to afford protection to employees
The program affords young people the chance to gain work experience

mumble

/ˈmʌmbl/

to speak or say something in a quiet voice in a way that is no clear

I could hear him mumbling to himself
She mumbled that she was sorry

SYNONYM: mutter

convoke

/kənˈvəʊk/

to gather together a group of people for a formal meeting

SYNONYM: convene

convoluted

/ˈkɑːnvəluːtɪd/

extremely complicated and difficult to follow
having many twists and curves

a convoluted argument or explanation
a book with a convoluted plot
a convoluted coastline

twist

/twɪst/

the action of turning something with your hand, or of turning a part of your body
an unexpected change or development in a story or situation
a sharp bend in a road or river
a thing that has been twisted into a particular shape
the twist a fast dance that was popular in the 1960s, in which you twist from side to side

She gave the lid another twist and it came off.
He gave a shy smile and a little twist of his head.
The story has taken another twist.
They approached a twist in the path
mineral water with a twist of lemon

cryptic

/ˈkrɪptɪk/

with a meaning that is hidden or not easily understood
with difficult clues that involve a kind of word puzzle

a cryptic message/remark/smile
a cryptic crossword clue

crossword

/ˈkrɔːswɜːrd/

a game in which you have to fit words across and downwards into spaces with numbers in a square diagram. You find the words by solving clues.

gist

/dʒɪst/

gist (of something) the main or general meaning of a piece of writing, a speech or a conversation

to get (= understand) the gist of an argument
I missed the beginning of the lecture—can you give me the gist of what he said?

pesky

/ˈpes.ki/

annoying or causing trouble

Those pesky kids from next door have let the air out of my car tyre again!
pesky insects

chime

/tʃaɪm/

(of a bell or a clock) to ring; to show the time by making a ringing sound

I heard the clock chime.

chime in

to join or interrupt a conversion, usually to agree with what has been said

"It’s very difficult, " I said. "Impossible, " she chimed in.
He kept chiming in with his own opinions.

pedagogical

/ˌpedəˈɡɑːdʒɪkl/

relating to the methods and theory teaching.

The book describes current pedagogical methods used in teaching reading

yell

/jel/

to shout loudly, for example because you are angry, excited, frightened or in pain

They yelled with excitement.

diabolical

/ˌdaɪəˈbɑːlɪkl/

(especially British English, informal) extremely bad or annoying

The traffic was diabolical.

synonym: terrible

dice

/daɪs/

a small cube of wood, plastic, etc., with a different number of spots on each of its sides, used in games of chance

You move forward according to the number on the dice.

shovel

/ˈʃʌvl/

a tool like a spade with a long handle and a broad metal part with curved edges, used for moving earth, snow, sand, etc.
shovel something (+ adv./prep.) to lift and move earth, stones, coal, etc. with a shovel
the part of a large machine or vehicle that digs or moves earth

workmen with picks and shovels

mitten

a type of glove that covers the four fingers together and the thumb separately